After studying this chapter, you should be able to:

14.1 Define lean operations.

14.2 Describe the philosophy of lean systems.

14.3 Outline the elements of lean operations systems.

14.4 Apply lean ideas to service operations.

14.5 Identify the characteristics of a lean supply chain.

14.6 Explain why it is so difficult to make global supply chains lean.

14.7 Discuss how sustainability initiatives can be considered an extension of the lean philosophy.