After reading this chapter, you should be able to:

1. Identity the different types of data collection instruments that researchers use.
2. Distinguish between the different types of tests that researchers use.
3. Identify and construct open-ended, partially open-ended, and restricted questionnaire items.
4. Identify nine rules for writing valid and reliable questionnaire items.
5. Describe the different methods of administering questionnaires.
6. Distinguish between the different levels of structure in an interview.
7. Describe the types of documents used in research.