After reading this chapter, you should be able to

• „„Explain the meaning of measurement.
   
• „„Explain the different scales of measurement, including the type of information communicated by each one.
   
• „„Articulate the seven assumptions underlying testing and assessment.
   
• „„Explain the meaning of reliability.
   
• „„Explain the characteristics of each of the methods for computing reliability.
   
• „„Explain the meaning of validity and validity evidence.
   
• „„Explain the different methods of collecting validity evidence.
   
• „„Identify the different types of standardized tests and the sources of information on these tests.