Learning Objectives

After studying this chapter, you should be able to:

12.1 Discuss why leadership tends to be a difficult concept to define, and explain the difference between being a manager and being a leader.
12.2 Describe how the trait approach differs from other theories of leadership and how Dark Triad traits play a role in leadership.
12.3 Explain the difference between structureinitiating and consideration leadership behaviors.
12.4 Use path–goal theory to identify situational factors that help determine the appropriate
leadership style.
12.5 Explain why and how leaders form high- and low-quality exchange relationships with different employees.
12.6 Discuss why trust is important, and how to repair it.
12.7 Illustrate the elements and progression of transactional and transformational leadership.
12.8 Compare and contrast the role of morality in 
ethical, servant, and authentic leadership.