Click on the following links. Please note these will open in a new window.

Article 1: Gardner, R. C., & Erdle, S. (1984). Aggregating scores: To standardize or not to standardize? Educational and Psychological Measurement, 44, 813–821.
Summary: In this paper, the authors consider the effects of standardizing scores and how this affects the validity of the scores.

Article 2: Kposowa, A. J., & Valdez, A. D. (2013). Student laptop use and scores on standardized tests. Journal of Educational Computing Research, 48, 345–379.
Summary: In this study, the relationship between laptop use and standardized test scores for 4th and 5th graders is examined.

Article 3: Rogers, T., & Milkman, K. L. (2016). Reminders through association. Psychological Science, 28, 204–215.
Summary: The authors tested the effectiveness of associative reminders to complete a task in different situations.