After reading this chapter, you will be able to:

• Define the mind-brain problem in behavioral neuroscience.
• Describe the contributions of philosophers and scientists to the development of behavioral neuroscience as a field of study.
• Identify the role of physiologists in the establishment of modern-day behavioral neuroscience.
• Compare the relative contributions of genes and environment in the development of behavioral characteristics.
• Critique the fixed nature of heredity in shaping behavior.