Learning Objectives

  • Summarize the application of a chi-square test
  • Calculate and interpret a test for the bivariate relationship between nominal or ordinal variables
  • Determine the significance of a chi-square test statistic
  • Explain the concept of proportional reduction of error
  • Apply and interpret measures of association: lambda, Cramer’s V, gamma, and Kendall’s tau-b
  • Interpret SPSS output for chi-square and measures of association