After finishing this chapter, you should be able to:

12.1 Describe the conditions and attitudes influencing prison subcultures.

12.2 Identify the five pains of imprisonment and explain how they shape inmate behavior.

12.3 List the advantages and disadvantages of solitary confinement.

12.4 Identify and propose measures that can be used to control prison violence.

12.5 Discuss challenges faced by inmates and prison staff.

12.6 Evaluate the methods through which successful reentry might be achieved.