Learning Objectives

  • Explain why a t distribution is associated with n – 1 degrees of freedom and describe the information that is conveyed by the t statistic.
  • Calculate the degrees of freedom for a one–sample and a two–independent sample t test, and locate critical values in the t table.
  • Identify the assumptions for the one-sample t test.
  • Compute a one-sample t test and interpret the results.
  • Compute effect size and proportion of variance for a one–sample t test.
  • Identify the assumptions for the two–independent sample t test.
  • Compute a two–independent sample t test and interpret the results.
  • Compute effect size and proportion of variance for a two–independent sample t test.
  • Summarize the results of a one–sample and a two–independent sample t test in APA format.
  • Compute a one–sample and a two–independent sample t test using SPSS.