• The cyclical and iterative action research process comprises four stages: planning, acting, developing, and reflecting.

• The planning stage consists of the following four steps:
   
• Identifying and limiting the topic
   
• Gathering information
   
• Reviewing the related literature
   
• Developing a research plan

• The acting stage consists of the following two steps:

• Implementing the plan and collecting data
   
• Analyzing the data

• The developing stage consists of the following step:

• Developing an action plan

• The reflecting stage consists of the following two steps:

• Sharing and communicating the results
   
• Reflecting on the process