After reading this chapter, you will be able to do the following:

1. Make predictions about the intentionality of behavior using Kelley’s covariation model (consensus, consistency, distinctiveness, and locus of control)
2. Identify types of, conditions, and communicative strategies for reducing uncertainty
3. Use the concepts of expectancy, violation valence, and communicator reward valence to predict whether someone will reciprocate or compensate a violation
4. Explain how, by increasing or decreasing the magnitude of dissonance between beliefs and behaviors,  one can influence or prevent change
5. Compare and contrast the major theoretical approaches to intrapersonal communication
6. Provide systematic understanding of a professional situation by employing theories of intrapersonal communication