After reading this chapter, you should be able to:

13.1 Distinguish jails from prisons

13.2 Describe how inmates experience incarceration

13.3 Explain how inmates are released from prison

13.4 Identify how probation and parole are structured in the United States

13.5 Describe five challenges that probation and parole officers confront on their jobs

13.6 Explain the various roles of juvenile probation officers

13.7 Evaluate the usefulness of various types of sanctions