Students who read this chapter should be able to do the following:

7.1 Explain the historical origins of research on sex differences in cognitive abilities.

7.2 Analyze the specific domains of cognitive performance that show sex similarities and differences.

7.3 Evaluate contextual and individual difference factors that can influence cognitive performance.

7.4 Apply research on gender and cognitive performance to real-world issues, such as gender disparities in educational systems, school performance, and STEM disciplines.