Learning Objectives

Chapter 2

  • Evaluate the important contributions the ancient Greeks and Romans—particularly Pythagoras, Hippocrates, and Galen—made to current views of psychopathology.
  • Describe the shift from authority to science as a way of knowing that happened during the Renaissance. Specifically, what da Vinci, Harvey, Descartes, Galileo, and Newton contributed during this period that led to this shift.
  • Describe John Hughlings Jackson's concepts of localization of function, three levels of the brain, hierarchical integration through inhibitory control, and encephalization.
  • Describe the primary aspects of Charles Darwin's theory of evolution. Assess how those processes are reflected in psychopathology.
  • Propose whether large institutions for treating the mentally ill should be closed and all treatment given in the community. Present evidence for your position.
  • Explain what empirically based treatments mean, as well as why is it important and what impacts the concept has had on treatment for psychopathology.
  • Describe the basic principles underlying each of these perspectives on psychological treatment, and give an example of an empirically based treatment from each: psychodynamic perspective, existential-humanistic perspective, and cognitive behavioral perspective.