Learning Objectives

  1. Contrast individual and social constructivism.
  2. Describe cognitive development through Piaget’s stages and identify what causes changes in thinking.
  3. Describe intersubjectivity, internalization, and scaffolding within the zone of proximal development.
  4. Compare and contrast the views of Piaget and Vygotsky on issues in cognitive development.
  5. Discuss how teachers can use constructivist theories to develop effective instruction.