The specified file temporary://fileEGvx0z could not be copied, because the destination directory is not properly configured. This may be caused by a problem with file or directory permissions. More information is available in the system log.
The specified file temporary://filehiiC14 could not be copied, because the destination directory is not properly configured. This may be caused by a problem with file or directory permissions. More information is available in the system log.
The specified file temporary://fileIfT10q could not be copied, because the destination directory is not properly configured. This may be caused by a problem with file or directory permissions. More information is available in the system log.
The specified file temporary://fileVe9n8p could not be copied, because the destination directory is not properly configured. This may be caused by a problem with file or directory permissions. More information is available in the system log.
The specified file temporary://file2nxT9I could not be copied, because the destination directory is not properly configured. This may be caused by a problem with file or directory permissions. More information is available in the system log.
The specified file temporary://fileWt0dqP could not be copied, because the destination directory is not properly configured. This may be caused by a problem with file or directory permissions. More information is available in the system log.
The specified file temporary://files0fPnD could not be copied, because the destination directory is not properly configured. This may be caused by a problem with file or directory permissions. More information is available in the system log.
The specified file temporary://file8RG2MM could not be copied, because the destination directory is not properly configured. This may be caused by a problem with file or directory permissions. More information is available in the system log.
The specified file temporary://filehbK0Vq could not be copied, because the destination directory is not properly configured. This may be caused by a problem with file or directory permissions. More information is available in the system log.
The specified file temporary://file8lTOBv could not be copied, because the destination directory is not properly configured. This may be caused by a problem with file or directory permissions. More information is available in the system log.
The specified file temporary://filevh5RSj could not be copied, because the destination directory is not properly configured. This may be caused by a problem with file or directory permissions. More information is available in the system log.
The specified file temporary://filePc6mqQ could not be copied, because the destination directory is not properly configured. This may be caused by a problem with file or directory permissions. More information is available in the system log.
The specified file temporary://fileQh6pta could not be copied, because the destination directory is not properly configured. This may be caused by a problem with file or directory permissions. More information is available in the system log.

Learning Objectives

Describe the purpose of frequency distributions to examine a variable.
Identify bar charts and pie charts and the types of variables for which they are used.
Explain the usefulness of a grouped frequency distribution for a quantitative variable.
Describe the difference between a histogram and a bar chart.
Describe the difference between a histogram and line graph.
Discuss the concept of cumulative frequencies and cumulative percentages.
Identify the shape of a distribution and determine types of skewness.
Describe time plots and the concept of smoothing data.

Statistics for Criminology and Criminal Justice

Student Resources

Learning Objectives