After reading this chapter, you should be able to:

• Discuss the impact Jean-Martin Charcot and Pierre Janet had as mentors to many of Europe’s great psychologists of the twentieth century.
• Explain how Alfred Binet’s earlier research in psychology led to an interest in intelligence testing.
• Assess Jean Piaget’s role as a focal point in psychology, considering both those who influenced him and those he influenced.
• Discuss the contributions of some of Piaget’s key students.