1. The key concepts of Piagetian theory include which of the following?

1. Equilibrium, organization and encoding
       
2. Adaptation, organization and accommodation
       
3. Organization, accommodation and scaffolding
       
4. Accommodation, scaffolding and automization

2.    The zone of proximal development is best described as:

1. Where interrelated sets of actions, memories, thoughts or strategies may be employed to predict and understand the environment
       
2. The memory store that allows brief storage of large amounts of information for a very short time
       
3. The difference between the child’s independently determined developmental level and their potential level of development determined when problem solving with adults or more capable peers
       
4. The concept that suggests objects continue to exist independently of the ability to perceive or act on them

3.    Which of the following is NOT a criticism of the work of Piaget?

1. Concepts of assimilation are too vague to be useful
    
2. The stage theory suggests some measure of universality
    
3. The work has been responsible for pushing the field of cognitive development forward 
       
4. The theory adheres to a conception of development as occurring in stages

4.    The sociocultural view of development is a theory of which theorist in the list below?

1. Bruner
    
2. Vygotsky
       
3. Piaget
    
4. Baillargeon

5.    The term ‘internalisation’ refers to: 

1. The process of integrating environment into psychological structure to interpret new knowledge
       
2. Where important features are selected to form a mental picture
       
3. The striving of the cognitive system to maintain equilibrium
       
4. The process of functions moving from the interpersonal to the intrapersonal

6.    How is the term ‘horizontal décalage’ best defined?

1. The socially transformed products of the child’s initial endowment
    
2. A way of describing the unevenness in children’s mastery of the different forms of a concept such as conservation
    
3. A largely social process and not just individualised development
    
4. A more continuous process over time

7.    Describe the way in which social interaction directly leads to cognitive development:

1. Automization
       
2. Internalization
    
3. Scaffolding
    
4. Intersubjectivity

8.    What does Vygotsky work suggest about the power of speech?

1. That it allows for the child to regulate his or her own behaviour
       
2. That it is egocentric
       
3. That it does not adapt to another’s viewpoint
       
4. That when using private speech, problem solving skills are decreased

9.    Information processing models are based on which of the following?

1. Encoding system, working memory, sensory register
       
2. Sensory register, working memory, long term memory
       
3. Working memory, long term memory, encoding system
       
4. Long term memory, encoding system, working memory

10.    The use of artificial neural network relates to which area of cognitive study?

1. Egocentrism
    
2. Adaptation
    
3. Connectionism
       
4. Horizontal décalage