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Uggen C. (2016). Records, Relationships, and Reentries: How Specific Punishment Conditions Affect Family Life. The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science. 665 (1): 142–148.

Learning Objective: LO 6-4: Discuss how deviance is controlled and punished in the United States today.

Summary: A discussion of how the advent of electronic record-keeping of juvenile deviance, encounters with the justice system, and incarceration has created greater barriers for youths to recover and grow from these experiences.

Questions to Consider:

1. According to Uggen, how do specific forms of punishment affect family life for individual deviants? How do these forms of punishment potentially impact the family members of deviants?
2. How may routine electronic background checks and technological shifts in online criminal records impact the opportunities for individuals who engaged in deviant behaviors? Particularly children or adolescents?
3. What are some common barriers or challenges that people subjected to social control face upon exiting institutions support such as foster care, correctional facilities, or substance and drug treatment, and mental health care?