This chapter examines U.S. relations with the Global South. Although there is great diversity among the countries that constitute the Global South, they experience similar challenges of governance, economic development, crime and violence, inadequate health care, and destabilizing population flows. In relations with the Global South, the United States has a longstanding interest in encouraging political and economic reform that achieves human development and human security. Key terms include: asylum, failed states, fragile states, human development, human security, tied aid.