By the end of this chapter, you will be able to do the following:

10.1 Argue why you should care about multilevel modeling and how it allows you to integrate micro and macro levels of analysis.

10.2 Diagram the three types of effects that can be examined using multilevel modeling.

10.3 Assess the different types of interaction effects you can test using multilevel modeling and their interpretation.

10.4 Appraise the issues that affect statistical power in multilevel designs.

10.5 Arrange the key steps in implementing multilevel modeling when addressing substantive questions of interest.

10.6 Recommend the best way to report the results of your multilevel research.

10.7 Critique the two sources of variance that affect whether or not to use multilevel modeling, and articulate the differences.

10.8 Articulate the best-practice steps involved in conducting and reporting multilevel modeling.