Learning Objectives

As a result of reading this chapter, you will be able to

  • Describe what is meant by community corrections
  • Explain why the criminal justice system uses alternatives to incarceration
  • Describe the definitions and origins of probation and parole, as well as the differences between them
  • Identify the eligibility and rights accorded to people serving terms of probation or parole
  • Explain the functions of probation and parole officers—and the impact of high caseloads
  • List and explain the purposes and functions of several intermediate sanctions and alternatives to incarceration
  • Provide an overview of the risk-needsresponsivity (RNR) model for addressing reoffending
  • Explain the rationale that underlies the use of restorative justice