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Journal Article 1: Renn, K. (2010). LGBT and queer research in higher education: The state and status of the field. Educational Researcher, 39(2), 132-141.

Abstract: In this article, the author provides an overview of existing literature addressing LGBT, and queer issues in higher education. She argues that although colleges and universities are the source of much critical and postmodern writing about LGBT and queer topics, scholarship on LGBT/queer people and organizations in higher education itself lacks theoretical depth.

Journal Article 2: Billies, M., Johnson, J., Murungi, K., & Pugh, R. (2009). Naming our reality: Low-income LGBT people documenting violence, discrimination and assertions of justice. Feminism & Psychology, 19(3), 375-380.

Abstract: The Welfare Warriors Research Collaborative came together in July 2007 to research violence from the perspective of racially and ethnically diverse low-income LGBTGNC people in New York City. Researchers set out to better understand the strategies people use to manage violence and discrimination as well as the systemic relations that shape these experiences. In this article, researchers introduce our theoretical assumptions, describe our participatory action research and the epistemology that grounds our work and show how these fuel our thinking about social change.

Journal Article 3: Levy, Y. (2007). The right to fight: A conceptual framework for the analysis of recruitment policy toward gays and lesbians. Armed Forces & Society, 33(2), 186-202.

Abstract: The worldwide demand by gays and lesbians that they be allowed to openly participate in military service and the ways in which this demand have been handled reveal discrepancies between political culture and actual recruitment practices. This article offers a model drawn from a multiple-case study for explaining recruitment policies toward homosexuals.

Journal Article 4: Doan, L., Loehr, A., & Miller, L. (2014). Formal rights and informal privileges for same-sex couples evidence from a national survey experiment. American Sociological Review, 79(6), 1172-1195.

Abstract: Attitudes toward gay rights have liberalized over the past few decades, but scholars know less about the extent to which individuals in the United States exhibit subtle forms of prejudice toward lesbians and gays. To help address this issue, we offer a conceptualization of formal rights and informal privileges. Using original data from a nationally representative survey experiment, we examine whether people distinguish between formal rights (e.g., partnership benefits) and informal privileges (e.g., public displays of affection) in their attitudes toward same-sex couples. Results show that heterosexuals are as willing to extend formal rights to same-sex couples as they are to unmarried heterosexual couples. However, they are less willing to grant informal privileges.

Journal Article 5: Martin, K. (2009). Normalizing heterosexuality: Mothers’ assumptions, talk, and strategies with young children. American Sociological Review, 74(2), 190-207.

Abstract: In recent years, social scientists have identified not just heterosexism and homophobia as social problems, but also heteronormativity—the mundane, everyday ways that heterosexuality is privileged and taken for granted as normal and natural. There is little empirical research, however, on how heterosexuality is reproduced and then normalized for individuals. Using survey data from more than 600 mothers of young children, aged 3–6 years, this article examines how mothers normalize heterosexuality for young children.