Learning Objectives

15.1 Summarize the physical changes that occcur during middle adulthood.

15.2 Identify common health conditions and illnesses during middle adulthood, and the role of stress and hardiness on health.

15.3 Contrast the findings of cross-sectional and longitudinal studies of crystallized and fluid intelligence over adulthood.

15.4 Analyze changes in cognitive capacities during middle adulthood, including attention, memory, processing speed, and expertise.

15.5 Discuss career-related concerns of middle-aged adults, including influences on job satisfaction, experiences with age discrimination, and planning for retirement.