Learning Objectives

  • Summarize what a concept is, compare how it is related to a variable, describe how it is related to different types of research, and identify why it is important.
  • Define and describe conceptualization, including its importance in conducting different types of research.
  • Identify the role of operationalization and how it differs from conceptualization. Describe how operationalization and conceptualization differ when using quantitative and qualitative data.
  • Summarize what variables are, how they are related to concepts, and the role they play in research. Be able to describe the characteristics and types of variables used in research.
  • Define measures, and provide examples of measures you see in research. Identify how measures and data are related to one another.
  • Be able to list, compare, and contrast the four levels of measurement and how each is distinguished from the other. Evaluate why it is important to make these distinctions when conducting research.