Additional readings provide a jumping-off point for course assignments, papers, research, group work, and class discussion.

Andresen, M. A., Brantingham, P. J., & Kinney, J. B. (2010). Classics in environmental criminology. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.

Brantingham, P., & Brantingham, P. (1999). Theoretical model of crime hot spot generation. Studies on Crime and Crime Prevention, 8, 7–26.

Clarke, R., & Eck, J. (2005). Crime analysis for problem solvers in 60 small steps. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Eck, J., Chainey, S., Cameron, J., & Wilson, R. (2005). Mapping crime: Understanding hotspots. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Heywood, I. D., Cornelius, S., & Carver, S. (2002). An introduction to geographical information systems (2nd ed.). Harlow, England/New York, NY: Pearson/ Prentice Hall.

Perry, W. L., McInnis, B., Price, C. C., Smith, S. C., & Hollywood, J. S. (2013). Predictive policing: The role of crime forecasting in law enforcement operations. Washington, DC: Rand Corporation.

Ratcliffe, J. H. (2000). Aoristic analysis: The spatial interpretation of unspecific temporal events. International Journal of Geographical Information Science, 14(7), 669–679.

Rhind, D. (1989). Why GIS? ARC News (Vol. 11, No. 3). Redlands, CA: Environmental Systems Research Institute, Inc.

Rossmo, D. K. (1997). Geographic profiling. In J. L. Jackson & D. A. Bekerian (Eds.), Offender profiling: Theory, research and practice (pp. 159–175). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.

Santos, R. B. (2017). Crime analysis with crime mapping (4th ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

USGS. (1997). Geographic information systems. Reston, VA: An information brochure published by the USGS.