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Smith, A. E., & Monaghan, K. R. (2011). Some ceilings have more cracks: representative bureaucracy in federal regulatory agencies. The American Review of Public Administration, 43, 50–71.

Learning Objectives:
8-1: Describe the development of the federal bureaucracy over time
8-3: Explain the bureaucracy’s culture and the challenges it faces.

Marion, D. E. (1986). The federal bureaucracy and separation of powers: A view from the founding. Administration & Society, 18, 291–314.

Learning Objectives:
8-1: Describe the development of the federal bureaucracy over time
8-3: Explain the bureaucracy’s culture and the challenges it faces.

Clark, R. C., Ochs, H. L., & Frazier, M. (2013). Representative bureaucracy: The politics of access to policy-making positions in the federal executive service. Public Personnel Management, 42, 75–89.

Learning Objectives:
8-1: Describe the development of the federal bureaucracy over time
8-2: Relate when the federal government grows most quickly and why
8-3: Explain the bureaucracy’s culture and the challenges it faces.

Worsnop, R. L. (1969). Federal regulatory agencies: Fourth branch of government. Editorial Research Reports 1969, 1.

Learning Objectives:
8-1: Describe the development of the federal bureaucracy over time
8-2: Relate when the federal government grows most quickly, and why.