After reading this chapter, you should be able to

15.1 Define inferential statistics and describe the process of null hypothesis significance testing (NHST).

15.2 Distinguish between Type I and Type II errors and define power.

15.3 Apply the decision tree for choosing an appropriate test statistic using parametric statistics.

15.4 Apply the decision tree for choosing an appropriate test statistic using nonparametric statistics.

15.5 Compute and interpret the chi-square goodness-of-fit test and chi-square test for independence using SPSS and justify the requirements for computing each test.

15.6 Compute and interpret the following effect size measures: Cohen’s d, eta squared, the coefficient of determination, and Cramer’s V.

15.7 Define estimation and distinguish between a point estimate and interval estimate.