After reading this chapter, you should be able to

12.1 Contrast the within-subjects design with the within-subjects experimental design.

12.2 Relate the importance of controlling for time-related factors and demonstrate the use of counterbalancing using a within-subjects experimental design.

12.3 Identify three sources of variation and explain why one source is removed using the within-subjects design.

12.4 Identify the appropriate sampling method and test statistic to compare differences between two related samples.

12.5 Compute a related-samples t test using SPSS and justify the assumptions required for computing this test.

12.6 Identify the appropriate sampling method and test statistic to compare differences between two or more related samples.

12.7 Compute a one-way within-subjects ANOVA using SPSS and justify the assumptions required for computing this test.

12.8 Articulate and design a Solomon four-group design.

12.9 Compare and contrast the use of a between-subjects versus a within-subjects design for an experiment.