Review Questions

1. What is the difference between sex and gender? How does sex affect gender? How does gender affect sexuality? 

2. What do sociologists mean when they say that there are few clear-cut biological differences between men and women? 

3. What are the differences in the ways that men and women experience “hegemonic masculinity” and “emphasized femininity”? How do these constructs help create and reinforce gender stratification? 

4. How do men and women differ in terms of their educational experiences? In what ways does the hidden curriculum of educational systems reinforce gender stratification? 

5. Why are women and men treated differently as consum¬ers? What events in recent decades have changed the way women are thought of as consumers? 

6. What are the differences in the ways that men and women approach sexuality? How are the differences related to the socialization process? Do you think increasing equality between men and women will affect sexualities? 

7. In what ways has the sex industry become increasingly important to global capitalism? How is this sex industry reflective of gender stratification? How is it reflective of inequalities between the Global North and South? 

8. In what positive and negative ways have lesbians, gays, bisexuals, and trans people been affected by globalization? 

9. What do sociologists mean by the “feminization of pov¬erty”? By “female proletarianization”? How are these related to one another and to the more general process of the “feminization of labor”?

10. What types of violence are women most likely to experience when they live in places experiencing war and other types of armed conflict?