After studying Chapter 12, students will be able to do the following:

1. List and describe various probability sampling techniques for quantitative research
2. List and describe various nonprobability sampling techniques for quantitative research
3. Apply appropriate guidelines for sample sizes in quantitative studies
4. Name, describe, and provide examples of the four scales of measurement
5. Identify and describe major categories of data collection techniques in quantitative research
6. List and describe the types of evidence used to determine the validity of inferences drawn from quantitative data
7. Name and describe various techniques used to determine the reliability of quantitative data
8. Design quantitative data collection procedures for a research topic of interest