1. Define public policy as it is introduced in this chapter. Operating within this definition, please define the levels of policy identified as policy choices, policy outputs, and policy impacts.

2. Given the number of usages of the word policy, identify whether this chapter centers its discussion of policy on the effects of government choices on the lives of individuals within society or on the intent of the individuals who formulate policy.

3. Identify the instruments of public policy. How does the choice of a policy instrument affect the ability of government to have the desired policy outcome?

4. What main influences in the United States effect the environment of public policy-making process? Describe the various limitations placed on government policy-making by the environment in which policy makers must operate.

5. Does the United States lag behind other industrialized nations in its policy interventions in the lives of its citizens? Explore how the policy tools used and the policy-making environment which exists in the United States either enhance or constrain the ability of government to impact the lives of citizens.