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Journal Article #1: Leppanen, A., Kiravuo, T., & Kajantie, S. (2016). Policing the cyber-physical space. The Police Journal: Theory, Practice and Principles, 89(4), 290-310. doi:10.1177/0032258X16647420

Abstract: In this paper we study how the cyber-physical space of a small nation is policed. Our qualitative study is based on content analysis of expert interviews. We found that the country is protected and daily incidents solved by a network of government agencies and private companies, forming a loose public–private partnership network. However, at the time of the study (Winter 2013), we were able to detect two problems. First, it was not clear that sufficient focus would be available to resolve several simultaneous large incidents. Second, cybercrimes are still under-reported, which may hinder the police in building investigation capacity.

Journal Article #2: Sherman, L. W. (2015). A tipping point for “totally evidenced policing”: Ten ideas for building as evidence-based police agency. International Criminal Justice Review, 25(1), 11-29. doi:10.1177/1057567715574372

Abstract: Increasing numbers of police professionals have decided to practice evidence-based policing. Yet many of these “early adopters” encounter opposition from their colleagues. Advocates of evidence-based policing (EBP) increasingly ask whether, or how, an entire agency can be transformed at about the same time, rapidly creating a “tipping point” for “totally evidenced” policing--defined as a steady growth of evidence-based decisionmaking on as many practices as possible. Such tipping points may require (1) a powerful advocate for EBP; (2) an “evolutionary” dimension to add on to any “smothering paradigm” that resists the addition of evidence to decision-making; and (3) strong external demands for change. Several attempts to create “totally-evidenced” decisions across entire agencies are under way. This article describes a hypothesis for how they might succeed, consisting of a 10-point plan to be implemented simultaneously.