Video and Multimedia

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Chapter 1: Introduction to Statistics

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Video Clips
 
This video clip provides two examples of experimental design (2:40).
 
This video clip describes what a variable is and types of variables including continuous, discrete, quantitative, and qualitative. To view the video, after you click on the link, click on the ‘view video’ blue box under the ‘What are Variables’ heading (5:15).
 
Audio Clips
 
An NPR audio clip about how the pressure to publish original research can mean scientists are neglecting to verify the work of others (5:15).
 
This clip describes the four scales of measurement (nominal, ordinal, interval, ratio) and provides examples. While this is a video clip, it could be used for only its audio as well (5:18).
 
This NPR clip interviews Charles Wheelan, author of the book Naked Statistics: Stripping the Dread from the Data, who discusses correlation and causation (18:08). 
 
An NPR audio clip discusses Stanley Milgram’s obedience studies and highlights a researcher’s interviews with his subjects decades later (8:21).

Chapter 2: Summarizing Data: Frequency Distributions in Tables and Graphs

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Video Clips
 
This video clip describes histograms and describes how to create a histogram using two examples (6:04).
 
This video clip describes bar charts, their use, and examples (3:08).
 
This video gives a brief overview of frequency distributions and cumulative frequency tables (1:34).
 
This TEDtalk describes an intriguing new pastime: using mobile apps and always-on gadgets to track and analyze the body, mood, diet, spending – just about everything in daily life you can measure (5:10)
 
Audio Clips
 
Podcast describing how to display data in bar charts, pie charts (4:28).
 
Lecture on percentages and percentiles by describing an example (3:36)
 
Describes study that found a 65% increase in women’s weight is associated with a 9% drop in earnings (3:51).

Chapter 3: Summarizing Data: Central Tendency

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Video Clips
 
This video clip demonstrates how to calculate weighted means using an example (2:16).
 
This TEDtalk describes a landmark experiment on delayed gratification – and how it can predict future success (5:58).
 
Brief lecture on central tendency: mean, median, and mode (3:46).
 
Audio Clips
 
An NPR interview discusses that economic statistics usually indicate how the average person is doing – but who’s average? Sometimes the more telling statistic is the median instead of the average (4:16).
 
Describes how psychologists have discovered that bronze medalists tend to be more satisfied with their prize than silver medalists (3:46).
 
Chronic stress can lead to heart disease, cancer, and other health problems. A study shows it doesn’t matter if the stress comes from major life events or minor hassles. Time to take a deep breath? (4:32).

Chapter 4: Summarizing Data: Variability

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Video Clips
 
Short video example of how to calculate the standard deviation (2:05).
 
This video discusses variability, range, interquartile range, semi-interquartile range, variance formulas, standard deviation, normal distributions, and an example (6:55).
 
This video provides an example of how to estimate the variance of a population by looking at the data in a sample (10:37).
 
This video illustrates the Empirical Rule and what it means when applying it to an example (4:59).
 
Audio Clips
 
This podcast describes range and standard deviation by discussing an example of students’ math scores (7:21).
 
An NPR interview discusses standard deviation as a “measure of abnormality” and how this is used to describe extreme climate change that the United States is currently experiencing (3:12).
 
Describes disproportionate impact suicide has on men and the group who has the highest rate of suicide (4:12).
 
Also includes link to the “Death Rates for Suicide by Sex, Race, Hispanic Origin, and Age: United States, Selected Years 1950-2010” table.

Chapter 5: Probability, Normal Distributions, and z Scores

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Video Clips
 
This video discusses key points of probability (9:44).
 
This video includes discussion of key points of probability distributions (9:33).
 
This video provides a visual and audio description of the normal curve. This is discussed in simplified terms with drawings (4:33).
 
Describes z scores and how to find the z score of a data point.  (2:06).
 
This video describes the normal distribution and important key points (5:26).
 
 
Audio Clips
 
NPR discusses meaningless statistics in sports (3:58).
 
Professor Andrew Gelman discusses how people misunderstand probability when it comes to the coin toss (4:17).
 
New research suggests that rather than describe how humans perform, the bell curve may actually be constraining how people perform (4:33)
A Scientific Approach to Helping the Homeless                                                                  New York writer Malcolm Gladwell discusses  how the homeless problem could be solved if assistance were provided to a small number of permanently homeless people (7:21).
 
BBC podcast that gives a historical overview of the Gaussian, or bell-shaped, distribution and how it is used today (13:49).

Chapter 6: Characteristics of the Sample Mean

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Video Clips
 
Video describes sampling distribution and statistical inference. Illustrates sampling distribution of the sample mean in a simple example (7:51).
 
Video describes important properties of the sampling distribution of the mean and variance (5:26).
 
This provides a video on central limit theorem, an article describing the concept, and a simulation to demonstrate the effect of sample size on the shape of the sampling distribution of the mean (:27).
 
Audio Clips
 
Podcast describes that meta-analysis of scientific data show that top psychology research studies tend to make conclusions about human nature based on samples taken solely from Western undergraduate students (2:18).
What You Didn't Know about the Stanford Prison Experiment                                Describes the Stanford Prison Experiment and the flaws in the experiment (10:15).
 
Conversation about replication of social psychology studies and what counts as “admissible evidence” in science (42:12).

Chapter 7: Hypothesis Testing: Significance, Effect Size, and Power

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Video Clips
 
This video describes the four steps of hypothesis testing (2:08).
 
Describes the basic concepts of power and sample size calculations (4:53).
 
This is a tutorial on how to calculate Cohen’s d or the effect size for groups with different means (4:49).
 
This video discusses Type errors, Type II errors, their probabilities of occurring (alpha and beta) and the power of a hypothesis test (8:10).
 
Audio Clips
 
This lecture discusses null hypothesis testing, Type I error, Type II error, and p values (27:59).
 
This lecture provides an illustrative example of null hypothesis testing and how assumptions regarding the characteristics of the normal curve allow us to make inferences from a sample to the population (26:48).
 
Lecture discusses power, ways to increase power, and advantages and disadvantages of each method. Also discusses effect size, Type II errors, beta, and power (43:16).
 
During this NPR clip, Phillip Zimbardo discusses his famous psychology experiment and how it relates to current events. This can be applied to learning about hypothesis testing and samples within a population (10:59).

Chapter 8: Testing Means: One-Sample t Test With Confidence Intervals

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Video Clips
 
This video describes how to calculate the effect size for independent samples t tests (2:24).
 
This is a tutorial for reporting statistics in APA style including special scripts/symbols and Equation Editor function in Word. Provides basic format for reporting results of the t test and other tests of significance (may be helpful for future chapters) (9:22).
 
This video describes z test and t test by providing definitions and going through an example (4:48).
 
This short video gives an explanation of the concept of confidence intervals with helpful diagrams and examples (4:02).
 
This video discusses how to find z scores for confidence intervals and how to balance precision and certainty (11:00).
 
Audio Clips
 
This podcast discusses everything you wanted to know about the one-sample t test (but were afraid to ask) (7:52).
 
This brief lecture describes statistical vs. practical significance by using the one-sample t test as an example (3:07).
 
This data skeptic podcast discusses the t test such as what it is and its assumptions (17:02).
 
This podcast gives an overview of  confidence intervals (3:18).
 
Brief introduction to interval estimation (5:05).

Chapter 9: Testing Means: Two-Independent-Sample t Test With Confidence Intervals

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Video Clips
 
This video describes how to calculate the effect size for independent samples t tests (2:24).
 
This is a tutorial for reporting statistics in APA style including special scripts/symbols and Equation Editor function in Word. Provides basic format for reporting results of the t test and other tests of significance (may be helpful for future chapters) (9:22).
 
Example of how to calculate confidence intervals for independent samples t test (2:53).
 
Audio Clips
 
This brief lecture describes statistical vs. practical significance by using the one-sample t test as an example (3:07).
 
This data skeptic podcast discusses the t test such as what it is and its assumptions (17:02).

Chapter 10: Testing Means: Related-Samples t Test With Confidence Intervals

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Video Clips
 
Description and example of repeated measures t test (3:44).
 
Lesson on performing hypothesis testing on matched pairs design using t test (7:04).
 
This video calculates effect size including Cohen’s d (2:25).
 
Paired samples t test tutorial provides audio, Powerpoint slides, and SPSS to discuss paired t Test (8:34).
 
Example of how to calculate confidence intervals for dependent samples t test (2:32).
 
Audio Clips
 
Discusses advantages and disadvantages of matched pairs and independent groups designs (2:13).
 
Discusses repeated measures and the advantages and disadvantages of each design (4:24).
 
Podcast talks about paired t Test by walking through a real-life example. While this is a video, this could also be used as audio only (4:01).
 
Thorough lecture on t Tests (56:39).

 

Chapter 11: One-Way Analysis of Variance: Between-Subjects and Within-Subjects (Repeated Measures) Designs

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Video Clips
 
Gives an overview of Fisher’s LSD, when it is beneficial to use it, and references to support the test’s use (5:44).
 
Describes post-hot tests for one-way ANOVA (6:09).
 
This lecture describes a one-factor ANOVA (between-subjects) (18:36).
 
Provides an introduction of effect sizes in general, rather than specific measures of proportion of variance (2:59).
 
Compares and contrasts between-subjects and within-subjects design (3:00).
 
This lecture describes effect sizes and post-hoc comparisons for repeated measures ANOVAs (8:34).
 
Gives an overview of within-subjects ANOVA, goes through an examples, and provides interpretation (11:52).
 
This helpful video gives an overview of a one-way repeated measures ANOVA, how to conduct this in SPSS, how to interpret the example, and how to write it up (8:45).
 
Audio Clips
 
Analysis of variance example. A visual is displayed but the presentation can be used as audio only (4:46).
 
Describes between-subjects and within-subjects designs and advantages of each (7:31).
 
This lecture describes a variety of post hoc analyses. A powerpoint is shown but the presentation can be used as audio only (13:25).
 
This entertaining lecture by Dave Brodbeck describes repeated measures ANOVA (1:00:00).
 
Another repeated measures ANOVA lecture by Dave Brodbeck (55:00).
 
Lecture describes experimental design and how it relates to within subjects one-way ANOVA analysis. Powerpoint slides are shown but can be used as audio only (45:11).

 

Chapter 12: Two-Way Analysis of Variance: Between-Subjects Factorial Design

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Video Clips
 
Brief introduction to factorial ANOVAs (5:59).
 
This video defines main effects, interactions, and the relationship between the two. It also discusses an example and plots the means for an interaction (10:00).
 
Description of main effects and interactions in factorial ANOVA experiments (11:25).
 
This video describes factorial ANOVA and the type of variables that are included. Includes interesting example to further illustrate the concepts (9:09).
 
This engaging video discusses a two factor research design using an interesting topic: physical attractiveness (15:42).
 
Audio Clips
 
Further clarifies what an interaction is and when it occurs. A powerpoint is provided but it can be used as audio only (3:33).
Lecture on threats to internal validity (16:40).
 
This entertaining lecture by Dave Brodbeck describes factorial ANOVA (57:13).
 
Another factorial ANOVA lecture by Dave Brodbeck (53:44).

Chapter 13: Correlation and Linear Regression

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Video Clips
 
This video describes how to interpret correlation coefficients in a correlation matrix in research studies (5:54).
 
Short video on the difference between correlation and causation (2:18).
 
Describes Pearson’s r correlation and provides examples using data, scatterplots, and formulas (4:02).
 
Describes Spearman correlation and provides examples using data, scatterplots, and formulas (3:12).
 
This animation discusses correlation, its analysis, coincidental occurrence of events, and types of correlation (9:19).
 
Provides an overview of linear regression and provides examples using data, equations, and examples (4:31).
 
Brief overview and interpretation of scatter plots (1:20).
 
This easy to understand lecture introduces the concepts of regression analysis with examples (14:00).
 
This Dave Brodbeck lecture describes correlation and regression and how they are related (41:32).
 
Audio Clips
 
Brief description of correlations. This is in video format, but can be used as audio only (3:58).
 
Describes correlations and provides numerous examples of data and what correlations mean (12:07).
 
This NPR podcast discusses correlation and causation with Charles Wheelan, author
of the book Naked Statistics: Stripping the Dread from the Data (18:08).
 
An interesting TED Talk by psychologist David Pizarro demonstrates a correlation between sensitivity to disgusting cues and moral and political beliefs (13:59).
 
This lesson walks through how to construct a regression model (5:32).

Chapter 14. Chi-Square Tests: Goodness-Of-Fit and the Test for Independence

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Video Clips
 
Provides an overview of the chi-square distribution (2:57).
 
This lecture introduces the chi-square goodness of fit test and finishes with two examples (20:33).
 
This video provides a very brief introduction to the chi-square goodness of fit test and goes through an example (4:00).
 
This video provides a very brief introduction to the chi-square test for independence and goes through an example (3:53).
 
Audio Clips
 
This podcast discusses 10 important points to consider when selecting a chi-square test (6:12).
 
This brief audio clip describes the chi-square test for independence and the test’s assumptions (1:55).
 
This lecture discusses chi-square (27:37).