Chapter 4

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Hale, H. (May 2004). Explaining Identity. Comparative Political Studies 37(4). 485-485.

• What two general conclusions does the author reach about the existing theoretical literature about ethnic identity?
   
• How does the author propose to conceive of ethnic identity in contrast to those literatures?
   
• What are the implications for social science research?

Shulman, S. (June 2002). Challenging the Civic/Ethnic and East/West Dichotomies in the Study of Nationalism. Comparative Political Studies. 35(5). 554-585.

• What are the civic/ethnic and west/east dichotomies the author writes about and what are the author’s criticisms of them?
   
• Explain the method the author uses to assess the stereotype.
   
• Explain his findings.