In the Lacey et al. (2011) National Roadside Survey, there was a 17-step procedure for each driver who entered the survey site, with the aim to collect observational data, survey data, breathalyzer data, oral fluids, and a blood sample from each participant. With the collection of many pieces of data for a single participant, what ethical question does this raise?
a. researchers should fully disclose their identity
b. anonymity or confidentiality
c. benefits should outweigh forseeable risks
d. research should cause no harm
e. participation in research should be voluntary